Section 1 English-Chinese Translation(Translate the following passage into Chinese.)
1.（2018下）Traces of microplastics and hazardous chemicals found in majority of snow and ice samples taken earlier this year. Plastic and traces of hazardous chemicals have been found in Antarctica, one of the world’s last great wildernesses, according to a new study. Researchers spent three months taking water and snow samples from remote areas of the continent earlier this year. These have now been analysed and researchers have confirmed the majority contained “persistent hazardous chemicals” or microplastics. The findings come amid growing concern about the extent of the plastic pollution crisis which scientists have warned risks “permanent contamination” of the planet. Earlier this week, the UN warned it is one of the world’s biggest environmental threats and said although 60 countries were taking urgent action more needed to be done. The new report by researchers at Greenpeace is part of global campaign to create the world’s biggest ocean sanctuary in the seas around Antarctica to protect the fragile ecosystem from industrial fishing and climate change. Frida Bengtsson, of Greenpeace’s Protect the Antarctic campaign, said the findings proved that even the most remote areas of the planet were not immune from the impact of manmade pollution. “We need action at source, to stop these pollutants ending up in the Antarctic in the first place, and we need an Antarctic ocean sanctuary to give space for penguins, whales and the entire ecosystem to recover from the pressures they’re facing,” she said. Seven of the eight sea-surface water samples tested contained microplastics such as microfibres. Seven of the nine snow samples tested contained detectable concentrations of the persistent hazardous chemicals. Researchers said the chemicals are widely used in many industrial processes and consumer products and have been linked to reproductive and developmental issues in wildlife. They said the snow samples gathered included freshly fallen snow, suggesting the hazardous chemicals had come from contaminated rain or snowfall. Prof Alex Rogers, a specialist in sustainable oceans at the Oxford Martin school, Oxford University, said the discovery of plastics and chemicals in Antarctica confirmed that manmade pollutants were now affecting ecosystems in every corner of the world. And he warned the consequences of this pervasive contamination remained largely unknown. “The big question now is what are the actual consequences of finding this stuff here? Many of these chemicals are pretty nasty and as they move up the food chain they may be having serious consequences for the health of wildlife, and ultimately humans. The effects of microplastics on marine life, likewise, are largely not understood,” he said. There is relatively little data on the extent of microplastics in Antarctic waters, and researchers said they hoped this new study would lead to a greater understanding of the global extent of plastic and chemical pollutants. Bengtsson said: “Plastic has now been found in all corners of our oceans, from the Antarctic to the Arctic and at the deepest point of the ocean, the Mariana trench. We need urgent action to reduce the flow of plastic into our seas and we need large-scale marine reserves – like a huge Antarctic ocean sanctuary which over 1.6m people are calling for – to protect marine life and our oceans for future generations.”
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见Section 2 Chinese-English Translation(Translate the following passage into English.)
1.（2018下）河南是民族和华夏文明的重要发源地。中国四大发明中，指南针，造纸技术和火药均发明于河南。河南历史文化厚重，文物古迹众多，文物数量居全国首位。河南境内有25处世界文化遗产，358个国家重点文物保护单位，4个世界级地质公园，12个国家级风景名胜，13个国家级自然保护区。 河南是中国重要的经济大省，2017国内生产总值稳居中国第5位。2017年河南生产总值44,988亿元，比上年增长7.8%，人均生产总值47130元，增长7.4%。粮食种植面积达10135千公顷，粮食产量5973.4万吨，比上年增加26.8万吨。全部工业增加值18,807亿元，增长7.4%，社会消费品零售总额19666亿元，增长11.6%。全年居民消费价格比上年上涨1.4% 近年来，河南已成为“一带一路”的重要中心。河南已经同全球200多个国家和地区建立贸易联系，127家世界500强企业在河南落户。河南将以更具吸引力的政策，更友好的营商环境，广迎四海宾客，实现更高层次的互利共赢。
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见
