Section 1 English-Chinese Translation(Translate the following passage into Chinese.)
1.（2017下）Perhaps you've temporarily misplaced your cellphone and anxiously retraced your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone-it's always in your hand，your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment's notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well.New research shows that there's a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence:According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood. According to this theory, our early life experiences,with parents responsible for our wellbeing, are at the root of our attachment to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example，serve as "transitional objects". The teddy bear,unlike the parent, is always there. We extend our dependence on parents to these toy animals,and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self. As suggested by scientists, a cellphone has the potential to be a "compensatory attachment" object. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that "healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects".Indeed, cellphones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cellphone users exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. People also like to be near their phones.Many people report being distressed when they're separated from their phones. Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side, and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you're not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages and follow them on social media. You can track them in real time, but also look back on memorable moments together. These channels help you "feel less alone".
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见2.（2017下）There are many countries around the world adopting the principle of sustainable development. When put into practice, it helps combat environmental deterioration in air quality, water quality and terrestrial control. At the same time, its practice maintains habitat diversity, and it also helps improve poverty situations, controls over consumption and improves health and education. Finally, sustainable development promotes viable roles for all members of society, while improving the economic situation of developing countries. But some people argue that the use of the principles of sustainable development in developing countries overlooks the importance of local customs, traditions and people. Some other people believe that sustainable development is a vague term, and that some organizations use it to further their own interests, whether those interests are environmental or economic in nature. Countries that have relatively small, uncompetitive productive sectors tend to implement protectionist policies. Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy. Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products, regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently. Protectionism's purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. But a disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don't have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long run,increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见Section 2 Chinese-English Translation(Translate the following passage into English.)
1.（2017下）人类在漫长发展进程中创造了丰富多彩的世界文明，文明是世界文明多样性的重要组成部分。中医药作为文明的杰出代表，是中国各族人民在几千年生产生活实践和与疾病作斗争中逐步形成并不断丰富发展的医学科学，不仅为民族的发展和昌盛做出了卓越贡献，也对世界文明进步产生了积极影响。中医药在历史发展进程中，形成了独特的生命观、健康观、疾病观、防治观，实现了自然科学与人文科学的融合，蕴含了民族深邃的哲学思想。随着人们健康观念变化，中医药越来越显示出独特价值。中医药与西医药各具优势，相互促进，共同维护和增进民众健康。中医药已经成为中国公共医疗卫生制度的重要特征和显著优势。
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见2.（2017下）人人有饭吃，是人类最基本的生存权利，是一切人权的基础。全球农业发展取得了长足的进步，但饥饿和贫困依然是一种“无声的危机”，深深困扰全人类。目前世界上还有8亿多贫困人口面临着食物不足、营养不良的威胁。促进农业发展，消除饥饿和贫困，依然是世界面临的重大挑战，也是全人类肩负的共同责任。各国应当携起手来，加强农业合作，更多关注发展中国家，尤其是一些最不发达国家的诉求。应减少贸易保护，加强对最不发达国家农业技术、资金等支持，提高全球农业生产水平和粮食安全保障水平。中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家，任何时候都是维护世界粮食安全的积极力量。尽管中国农业发展还面临不少困难，但我们仍将不懈努力，用行动来兑现诺言，依靠自己的力量解决好吃饭问题。我们愿与世界各国携手奋进，共同创造一个无饥饿、无贫困、可持续发展的世界。
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见
